Basic principles of five-axis machining center

Movement structure: including linear axis (X, Y, Z) and rotation axis (A, B, C). The linear axis controls the linear movement of the tool or workbench. The rotating shaft usually has a combination of double turntables (A+C or B+C), turntables + swing head (such as B axis rotation + A axis rotary table), double swing head (A+B), etc. to meet the processing needs of different parts.
Coordinate transformation and linkage control: Through the CNC system, the tool path is calculated in real time, synchronizes the linear motion of the tool with the angle change of the rotation axis to ensure that the cutting point is always perpendicular to the curved surface and avoid interference. Typical algorithms have inverse kinematics solutions, which can convert the position of the tool in the workpiece coordinate system into the actual displacement of each axes.
Tool Center Point Control (TCP): The origin of the coordinate system is usually set at the intersection of the rotation axis to reduce the computational complexity, otherwise dynamic offset compensation is required.